The Ethereum network has brought smart contracts into the blockchain space, making concepts like Decentralized Finance (DeFi) possible.
Smart contracts can automatically execute operations after certain conditions are met. Along with this new technology, a new programming language called Solidity has been developed.
As the blockchain industry continues to grow and new blockchain networks emerge, more programming languages are emerging, notably Vyper and Scrypto.
A programming language is a set of rules that convert text strings and numbers into machine-readable code. Simply put, programming languages allow computers to understand instructions that a person writes. When it comes to the blockchain industry, Solidity, Python, and Javascript are some of the most used languages, but they all work differently.
What is solvency?
Solidity is a high-level object-oriented programming language for creating smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain and other blockchain networks such as BNB Smart Chain and Avalanche. This language was developed in 2014 and has similarities with programming languages like JavaScript, C++, and Python.
Since Solidity is a high-level language, computer code is written in a way that is easy to understand and read, rather than in ones and zeros. The hardness symbol, for example, will contain words and expressions such as “job” and “contract,” as well as curly braces and numbers.
As an object-oriented programming language, Solidity is all about using “objects,” which are pieces of code that can be reused to create similar pieces of code without having to rewrite the source code every time.
Solidity also uses a compiler to convert high-level human-readable code into machine-readable code that runs on an Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
What is a viper?
Vyper is a smart contract-oriented Python programming language designed for use with the EVM. The language was developed to improve Solidity by improving code security and readability. Vyper places great importance on hearing the code. In this regard, one of the principles is that people should be able to read as much of the Vyper code as possible.
Vyper also aims to make writing deceptive code as difficult as possible. Simplicity is more important to the reader (i.e., the reviewer) than simplicity to the author (i.e., the developer). This will make it easier to identify malicious code in a smart contract or decentralized application (DApp).
What is Scripto?
Scrypto is an asset-focused smart contract language. Developed by Radix, the language is based on Rust and retains most of the features of Rust while adding certain features and syntax for Radix Engine v2. Since Scrypto is asset-oriented, it can interact with assets such as tokens, which are a type of resource in the language.
In programming languages such as Solidity, ERC-20 tokens exist as smart contracts on EVMs. Assets in Scrypto are resources located in containers and repositories. Simply put, it is like owning a bucket (container) and filling it with coins (an asset) that can be stored in a piggy bank (vault).
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Scrypto also emphasizes the ease of developers by allowing them to write only necessary code while interacting with containers and resources to provide functionality in the DApp. Security is another principle where developers can give specific instructions to the DApp instead of giving generic permissions.
Smart contract languages comparison
Solidity has a wide range of online learning resources and great community support through its use on large blockchain networks such as Ethereum. Solidity also has a wide range of features derived from Object Oriented Programming (OOP), making it modular and making it easy to debug when a problem occurs. For example, if an object of a certain class fails, it can be returned to the class’s parent.
This works because Solidity uses encapsulation, which means that each object is self-contained and each function runs independently. Markup language modularity also allows developers to work on multiple objects simultaneously, which increases the efficiency of creating, debugging, and deploying smart contracts.
Vyper is a simpler programming language than Solidity, with an emphasis on openness, simple language structure, and readability. Vyper also has fewer features than Solidity, which was made on purpose for security reasons. The limited feature set reduces the number of vulnerabilities that attackers can exploit.
For example, Solidity uses modifiers,
